Algorithm Development The algorithm (see Figure 2) for titrating common vasoactive injectable agents for ED was derived from a literature review and over 13 years of experience with the initial dosage and management of patients on intracavernosal injection therapy. The author has seen approximately 1,000 to 1,300 patients and the algorithm was developed from experience with those patients. This algorithm is meant to provide a general guide for how to approach dosing and titration of vasoactive injectable agents for patients with ED, but dosing and titration practices may vary from clinic to clinic. Figure 2. (click image to zoom) Intracavernosal Injections Algorithm. Printer- Friendly Email ThisReferencesBaniel, J., Israilov, S., Engelstein, D., Shmueli, J., Segenreich, E., & Livne, P.M. (2000). Three-year outcome of a progressive treatment program for erectile dysfunction with intracavernous injections of vasoactive drugs. Urology, 56(4), 647-652Bennett, A.H., Carpenter, A.J., & Barada, J.H. (1991). An improved vasoactive drug combination for a pharmacological erection program. Journal of Urology, 146(6), 1564-1565Brindley, G.S. (1986). Pilot experiments on the actions of drugs injected into the human corpus cavernosum penis. British Journal of Pharmacology, 87(3), 495-500Brock, G., Tu, L.M., & Linet, O.I. (2001). Return of spontaneous erection during long-term intracavernosal alprostadil (Caverject) treatment. Urology, 57(3), 536-541Goldstein, I., Auerbach, S., Padma-Nathan, H., Rajfer, J., Fitch, W., & Schmitt, L. (2000). Axial penile rigidity as primary efficacy outcome during multi-institutional in-office dose titration clinical trials with alprostadil alfadex in patients with erectile dysfunction. Alprostadil alfadex study group. International Journal of Impotence Research, 12(4), 205-211Kuan, J.K., & Brock, G.B. (2001). Salvage of the sildenafil non-responder: The role of locally delivered therapies. Sexual Dysfunction in Medicine, 2(2), 34-39Linet, O.I., & Ogring, F.G. (1996). Efficacy and safety of intracavernosal alprostadil in men with erectile dysfunction. New England Journal of Medicine, 334(14), 873-877Montorsi, F., Salonia, A., Zanoni, M., Pompa, P., Cestari, A., Guazzoni, G., et al. (2002). Current status of local penile therapy. [review] [80 refs]. International Journal of Impotence Research, 14(Suppl. 1), S70-81Mulhall, J.P., Jahoda, A.E., Cairney, M., Goldstein, B., Leitzes, R., Woods, J., et al. (1999). The causes of patient dropout from penile self-injection therapy for impotence. Journal of Urology, 162(4), 1291-1294Pharmacia. (2002). Caverject Impulse prescribing information. Kalamazoo, MI:Pharmacia and UpJohnPorst, H., Buvat, J., Meuleman, E., Michal, V., & Wagner, G. (1998). Intracavernous alprostadil alfadex – an effective and well tolerated treatment for erectile dysfunction. Results of a long-term European study. International Journal of Impotence Research, 10(4), 225-231Richters, S., Vardi, Y., Ringel, A., Shavel, M., & Nissenkorn, I. (2001). Intra venous injections: Still the gold standard for treatment of erectile dysfunction in elderly men. International Jouranl of Impotence Research, 13, 172-175Schwarz Pharma. (2004). Edex (alpro stadil). Prescribing information. Milwaukee, WI:Schwarz PharmaSeyam, R., Mohamed, K., Akhras, A.A., & Rashwan, H. (2005). A prospective randomized study to optimize the dosage of trimix ingredients and compare its efficacy and safety with prostaglandin E1. International Journal of Impotence Research, 7, 346-353 Urol Nurs. 2006;26(6):449-453. ©2006 Society of Urologic Nurses and Associates This is a part of article Intracavernosol Injection Algorithm Taken from "Pharmacy Vardenafil" Information Blog |